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Misdiagnosis and medical malpractice: what a review looks at before any conclusion

A late or incorrect diagnosis raises hard questions, but Israeli law does not treat every error as malpractice. This article explains what a general review looks at.

General information only, under Israeli law. Not legal advice and not a substitute for individual review.

Author: Shmuel Paniri Law Office · Reviewer: Shmuel Paniri Law Office · Jurisdiction: Israel · Review date: 2026-08-25

Legal content is pending the attorney’s final approval before it is treated as a professional sign-off.

This page is general information about Israeli law. It is not legal advice, it does not find malpractice in any particular case, and it is not a substitute for a review based on the facts and the current law.

Why a difficult outcome is not enough

Medicine deals with uncertainty. A complication, a deterioration or a diagnosis that later proves wrong can occur even when the care was reasonable in the circumstances at the time. The legal question is therefore not only “was damage caused”, but whether there was a departure from the reasonable standard of care of a professional in that field, and whether that departure caused the damage.

Under the Torts Ordinance, the tort of negligence rests on a duty of care, its breach, damage and causation. In medical files, applying those elements usually requires medical records and sometimes an expert opinion. There is no responsible way to decide that from a short website description.

What a general review looks at

  • What was known — or what it was reasonable to clarify — at the time of treatment, not only with hindsight.
  • Whether enquiry, follow-up and referral were made according to the accepted standard in those circumstances.
  • What damage is alleged, and when it was discovered.
  • Whether the alleged negligence can be linked to the damage, or whether the course of the illness was independent.

The original article on the legacy site presented three similar elements — departure from a standard, damage and causation — but worded them as a conclusion that “therefore compensation can be claimed”. That wording was removed. The possible presence of elements does not establish a cause of action, and it is not an estimate of compensation.

Time limits

Tort claims are subject to limitation rules. The deadline can change with the type of claim, the date the damage was discovered and other circumstances. Do not calculate a deadline from this site, and do not delay contact only because the event looks “old”. If there is a concern about urgency — contact the office directly.

What not to send on the form

Do not send a medical file, images, an identity number or other patients’ details through the ordinary website channel. If material needs to be transferred, we will explain in a conversation which channel is suitable.

How to read this without jumping to a conclusion

The legacy article asked “what to do if the doctor misdiagnosed” and spoke of rights as if they had already been established. Here the question is what is reviewed before concluding that there was an error and a cause of action. If there is a concern about urgency — call; do not calculate a deadline from this paragraph.

Sources checked

Practice areas

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